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双语冰球 | 从教练转成球员——“雪”的奥运逐梦之路

Canadian fans still smile nostalgically whenever their nation's double gold-medal performance in men's and women's hockey at the 2010 Olympics on home ice comes up. Even though China finished seventh out of eight women's teams in Vancouver, defender Xueting Qi has her own fond memories of her first and only Olympics.

每当加拿大球迷想起他们国家在2010年温哥华冬奥会主场上赢得男子和女子冰球双料冠军时，他们都面带微笑，回味不已。而 尽管中国队在温哥华冬奥会八支女子冰球决赛队伍里最终排名第七，其后卫齐雪婷却仍对这次奥运参赛经历有着美好回忆，这是她生平第一次也是目前唯一一次参加奥运会。

冰球知识点1：2010年温哥华冬奥会女子冰球项目最终排名如下：第一名加拿大，第二名美国，第三名芬兰，第四名瑞典，第五名瑞士，第六名俄罗斯，第七名中国，第八名斯洛伐克。中国男子冰球队未获参赛资格。

冰球知识点2：中国女子冰球队曾经是世界女子冰坛的一支强队，最好成绩的记录如下：1998年长野冬奥会获得女子冰球项目第四名，1994年和19年两次女子冰球世锦赛第四名，1996年和1999年两次亚冬会女子冰球项目冠军。

“Wow, that was a really big party for me!” Qi, 33, told IIHF. “When I came to the Olympic Village, every day I would go out for a walk. The fans were really passionate. Whenever we walked on the streets, some people would come to us and say: ‘Are you athletes?' We'd say, ‘Yes.' ‘What sport?' When we said, ‘Ice hockey,' then they really, really loved it! Also, when we played games, most of the fans cheered for us. Everything for me was new. It was the first time. So I really enjoyed that.”

“哇哦，对我来说那真是一场盛宴！”33岁的齐雪婷在接受国际冰联访时说道：“到奥运村之后，我每天都会出去散步。那里的 体育 迷都非常热情，无论什么时候我们走上街头，都会有人过来问：“你们是运动员吗?”我们说是的。“哪项运动？”当我们回答说‘冰球’时，他们真的都高兴坏了！而且，当我们打比赛时，绝大多数球迷都会为我们欢呼。对我来说这一切都是新鲜的，那是我人生的第一次，我真的很享受。”

Daily star sightings were also on the menu in British Columbia's biggest city for Qi.

在这个加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省最大的城市温哥华，每日见到冰球明星也是齐雪婷的日常。

“When we ate together, I was really close to some NHL stars like Sidney Crosby and Alexander Ovechkin. That was the first time we were really close to them. To see them, we felt really good. Also, we traded a lot of pins!”

“当我们聚餐时，我曾非常靠近一些NHL明星，比如希尼·克罗斯比和亚历山大·奥维奇金，那是我们头一次真正近距离接触到。能见到他们感觉特别棒，而且我们还交换了很多别针纪念章!”

More than 10 years later, Qi has pinned her hopes on making the Olympic team again so that she can compete on home ice in Beijing in 2022. Nicknamed “Snow” by her international pro teammates with the Shenzhen KRS Vanke Rays, the Harbin native is one of several 2010 alumni who made a comeback last season to chase her Winter Games dreams.

十年之后，齐雪婷期待再次入选中国奥运代表队，这样她就可以在2022年北京冬奥会上打主场比赛。为了追逐她的奥运梦想，这位哈尔滨姑娘随着当年国家队同僚的脚步，加盟深圳昆仑鸿星万科阳光女子冰球队，从上一赛季重返赛场。在同一职业队效力的外国队友都亲切地称呼她为“雪”。

冰球知识点3：从2017年开始，深圳昆仑鸿星队和万科阳光队这两支中国俱乐部队伍开始征战加拿大女子冰球联赛（CWHL），队员由中国国家女子冰球队队员与高水平外籍球员组成。2018年，两支俱乐部队合并为深圳昆仑鸿星万科阳光队。

Qi hadn't played since the 2015 IIHF Ice Hockey Women's World Championship Division I Group B tournament, where the hosts came third in Beijing. However, she didn't miss a beat after spending the previous two seasons as an assistant with the women's U18 program.

齐雪婷自从在2015年女子冰球世锦赛B组比赛之后就再也没有打过比赛，当时她所在的中国队在主场北京获得了第三名。然而她并没有远离赛场，而是在女冰U18青年队中做了两个赛季的助理教练。

The right-shooting blueliner, who wears #55, earned a goal and 12 assists in 27 regular season games with the star-studded Rays. The club, based in Shenzhen in the southern Chinese province of Guangdong, was competing in its first season in the Russian Women's Hockey League (WHL) under new Brian Idalski (ex-University of North Dakota).

在众星云集的阳光队中，这位身着55号球衣的左手杆后卫在27场常规赛中获得了一个进球，12次助攻。该队所属俱乐部位于广东深圳。她们在新任教练布莱恩?伊达尔斯基的指导下参加了俄罗斯女子冰球联盟（WHL）第一个赛季的比赛。伊达尔斯基曾执教于北达科他州大学。

“I think after my ing experience, I'm more clear in my head,” Qi said. “I can read the situation better. Before I was a , I always thought about myself – my position, my situation. But after ing, I can think about the whole team, the whole situation. It's easier to understand what the says, and I can help the help the players.”

“当我有教练经验之后，我感觉自己的头脑更清晰了，”齐雪婷说：“我能更好地理解形势。在当教练之前，我总是只考虑自己——我的位置、我的处境。但执教之后，我考虑的是整个团队、整体情况。这样更容易理解教练所说的话，我还能协助教练去帮助球员。”

Impressively, “Snow” captained her team to the WHL championship. Despite spending weeks on the road due to the COVID-19 outbreak that hit China earlier than Russia, the Rays swept host Agidel Ufa in three straight games in the final in March. It was an upgrade over the club's experience in the now-defunct Canadian Women's Hockey League (CWHL), where they lost the 2018 final in overtime to the Markham Thunder on Laura Stacey's goal.

令人印象深刻的是，身为队长的“雪”带领她的队伍获得了WHL冠军。尽管昆仑鸿星万科阳光队由于中国比俄罗斯更早爆发疫情而一直漂泊在客场，但在三月份的决赛中连续三场横扫东道主俄罗斯乌法队，赢得了联盟冠军。这是对该俱乐部的加拿大女子冰球联赛（CWHL）征程的一次升级——在2018年CWHL决赛的加时赛中，由于劳拉·斯泰茜的一粒进球，昆仑鸿星队最终惜败加拿大万锦迅雷队。

冰球知识点4：加拿大女子冰球联赛（Canadian Women's Hockey League，简称CWHL）成立于2007年，曾为北美两个顶级女子冰球联赛之一。另一个是美国国家女子冰球联盟（National Women's Hockey League，简称NWHL）。中国曾组队参加了2017年、2018年最后两个赛季。但由于财务问题，CWHL方面表示这种商业模式在经济上并没有可持续性，无法维持联盟正常运作，已在2019年5月1日起停止运营。

“For me, it's amazing memories and a really great experience,” Qi said. “Before, we didn't he a professional league like this. This year, we became champions and we celebrated in the dressing room. Also, during the season, we had the All-Star Game [in Moscow on 12 January]. All those things for me were really awesome. I felt the system in this league is really good. You can play younger players against more experienced players. In China, we don't he that. It was really excellent.”

“对我而言，这是一段美妙的回忆，也是一次很棒的经历，”齐雪婷说：“我们以前没有这样的职业联赛，今年我们成了这个联赛冠军，在更衣室里庆祝胜利。在这个赛季我们还有全明星赛(1月12日在莫斯科举行)。所有这些对我来说都非常棒。我觉得这个联盟的体系真的不错，能够让年轻球员去和有经验的球员打比赛，在中国还没有这个。这真是太棒了。”

On 19 September, the new WHL season kicks off with a rematch between Agidel Ufa and the Rays, who will be based in the Moscow area this season same as the men's team in the KHL. Naturally, the coronirus situation injects uncertainty into everyone's plans. For Qi, relying on her mother's strength and wisdom is particularly valuable in these strange times.

9月19日，新的WHL赛季将在乌法队和阳光队的比赛中开始，阳光队本赛季将和大陆冰球联盟（KHL）的男子冰球队一样在莫斯科地区进行比赛。自然，疫情给每个人的带来了不确定性。对于齐雪婷来说，在这样不寻常的日子里，来自母亲的力量和智慧显得尤为珍贵。

“My mom always supports me,” Qi said. “At the beginning, she didn't really like me playing ice hockey. But when I played sports in school, she was just 100 percent for me. In China, she's always with me, watching me play games, even in different cities. Sometimes when I was confused or something came up that I couldn't handle, she always stood on my side and communicated with me. She always ge me advice and helped me to make some great decisions.”

“我妈妈永远支持我。”齐雪婷说：“最初她并不想我打冰球，但当我在学校开始打球后，她却百分之百做我后盾；在国内时，即使是在不同的城市，她也总是陪伴着我，看我打球；当我感到困惑或者有什么事情处理不了时，她总是站在我的角度同我沟通；面对重大决定时，她总是会给我建议和帮助。”

Qi also reciates the professionalism of Rays teammates like Finnish goalie Noora Raty, a four-time Olympian, and 2020 WHL scoring champion Alex Carpenter, who signed a one-year deal in early August to return to the KRS organization for a fourth straight season. And Qi doesn't hesitate when asked to name her Chinese hockey role models.

齐雪婷也很欣赏队友们的专业度，比如参加过四次奥运会的芬兰守门员诺拉·拉蒂，以及WHL2020年度得分冠军阿历克斯·卡彭特。卡彭特在8月初签了一年的合同，将开始她在昆仑鸿星的第四个赛季。当问及她在中国的冰球榜样名字时，齐雪婷毫不犹豫地说：

“My former captain [Linuo Wang]. She's seven years older than me. She wore number 19 when she played on the national team. She played at the 2002 Olympic Games and the 2010 Olympic Games. And number 14 [Rui Sun]. When she retired, she also became one of my es.”

“我的前任队长（王莉诺），比我大七岁，在国家队时穿19号球衣。她参加了2002年和2010年奥运会。还有14号（孙锐），退役后她也成了我的教练之一。”

Qi gained valuable experience from her five top-level Women's Worlds between 2004 and 2009. Interestingly, her tournament debut came in 2004 in Halifax. The hockey-crazed Nova Scotia capital will co-host the 2021 Women's Worlds with Truro. Those two cities were originally supposed to host this year's tournament, but the pandemic unfortunately led to its cancellation.

从2004年到2009年，齐雪婷在五届女冰世锦赛中获得了宝贵的经验。有趣的是，她的首次世锦赛亮相是2004年在哈利法克斯市。而作为对冰球狂热的加拿大新斯科舍省的首府，哈利法克斯将与其同省的特鲁罗市共同举办2021年冰球世锦赛女子顶级组比赛。这两个城市原本应该今年举办世锦赛，但因疫情影响而取消了比赛。

Hockey has helped Qi hone her English language skills: “I learned mainly just from es. We've had maybe more than 10 foreign es.” With the national team, she got opportunities to practice English while trelling and competing in Finland and Canada in the mid-2000s.

冰球帮助齐雪婷磨炼了她的英语技能：“我主要是从教练那儿学英语，我们有10多位外国教练。”2000至2010年中期她进国家队在芬兰和加拿大打巡回赛，有不少机会练习英语。

Last season in Shenzhen, the Rays frequently attracted home crowds of more than 3,000. The Chinese Olympic team will hope to attract even bigger audiences to Beijing's renovated Wukesong Arena during the 2022 Olympics.

上个赛季，阳光队在深圳经常能吸引到超过3000名以上的主场观众。中国奥运代表队有望在2022年奥运会期间吸引到更多的观众，前来翻新过的五棵松 体育 馆观看比赛。

The whole world has a lot of work to do before China can host its first Winter Games. Qi doesn't know whether she'll get to see Crosby and Ovechkin again in person. The final makeup of the Chinese Olympic team – which will include naturalized North American players of Chinese heritage as well as domestic-born and trained talent – remains unclear.

在中国举办其第一届冬奥会之前，全世界还有很多工作要做。齐雪婷不知道她是否还能再亲眼见到克罗斯比和奥维奇金。中国奥运代表队的最终阵容——据说将包括归化的北美华裔球员和本土出身的球员——还未确定。

So “Snow” will simply train hard and play hard as the countdown continues. She always reminds herself about the three reasons behind her comeback as a player.

所以“雪”只是在冬奥倒计时中刻苦训练、奋力比赛。她总在提醒着自己，为什么要以运动员身份复出，有以下这三点原因。

“First, I love hockey. It doesn't matter how old I am. I really like to play during the games. So I can feel the passion. I enjoy being with my teammates, playing together. Second, in China, we he more younger players now. I want to show them:'If you love hockey, you he to play.' Some of them think about other things. Third, I think if I can play, maybe it's more helpful. I can teach other players when I'm a , but sometimes, maybe it's better to teach as a player. That's why I came back.”

“首先，我热爱冰球。这跟我的年龄多大没关系，我真的很喜欢上场打比赛。所以我能感受到那种，很享受跟队友们一起打球。其次，我们中国现在有越来越多的年轻球员，我想告诉他们：‘如果你热爱冰球，就得去打比赛。’他们中有些人想的是别的事情。第三，我觉得如果我能上场比赛，也许帮助会更大，因为在当教练时，我是可以教其他球员，但某些情况下也许以球员的身份去教更好。这就是我为什么要返回赛场。”

作者:Lucas Aykroyd

编译：冰球世界

冰球运动为什么可以打架？

听说冰球运动员在比赛的时候可以打架? 是的。在一些商业联赛中是允许的。具体为什么，请看↓↓

冰球运动=速度+对抗性+暴力美学+幽默感? 如果要选怎一项对抗性最明显的冰上运动，那绝对非冰球莫属了。

为什么冰球运动允许打架？

一方面是因为冰球运动速度快，经常出现身体接触，大大增加了双方身体的摩擦性，还有一个有意思的原因，打架可以增强比赛的观赏性，由此吸引更多的观众观看比赛。因此在具体比赛的过程中，一些比较激烈的身体对抗在裁判那里是不会被制止的。

打架打出事情怎么办？打架的时候比赛会暂停，众人会空出场地让两个人单挑，而且必须丢掉球杆、手套等装备。赤手空拳一对一，其他人不得插手。双方先用眼神挑衅对方，然后丢头盔、摘手套、扔掉球杆，裁判和其他球员让开只负责围观，不然，将会面临最严重的处罚。当某一方没有还手之力或者被打倒在地，亦或者双方都主动住手，标志着打架结束。此时，裁判将会上前，把双方拉开。之后等待打架双方的将是相应的判罚。

虽然冰球比赛允许打架，但是 ！但是！冬奥比赛是不允许打架的。绝对不允许。

冰球允许打架的规则主要盛行于职业冰球联赛。目的就是提升比赛的观赏性，出于商业目的。在比赛的过程中 ，裁判会允许球员一对一单挑。记得是一对一，不允许其他人参与其中或者是打群架。由此产生了一个有意思的角色——全职“fighter”，意思就是在场上专门以打架为主要责任的这么一位运动员。

冰球比赛也称“冰上曲棍球”，是以冰刀和冰球杆为工具，在冰上进行的一种相互对抗的集体性比赛。冰球比赛规定每队必须要有20人参加，但是上场人数为6人，位置分别是守门员、左后卫、右后卫、左前锋、右前锋和中锋。很特别的是，冰球比赛中，运动员可以不通过裁判随意换人，而且没有名额限制。冰球比赛每场都分为3局来进行，每局时间限制是20分钟。两局中间会有15分钟的休息时间或者接受电视访。如果出现平分决胜的情况，就会有加时赛。队员配置，每名队员配备一支冰球杆。这也是最重要的“武器”了。

目前国际上的NHL、KHL都是现场很嗨的联赛。就因为有了全职的“fighter”，牢牢地吸引了观众的目光。每场比赛都是座无虚席。

冬奥会的冰球运动是不允许打架的。冰球运动的打架现在只是存在在少数的商业联赛中。友谊第一，比赛第二！

冰球比赛中为什么允许打架？

在北美的NHL联赛上，经常上演一对一单挑好戏，而裁判在一旁观战。这场景在集体球类运动中只能在冰球看到。没错，部分冰球联赛确实允许打架发生，而且每个队都有专门的人才是专门负责打架的，这个叫“行刑人（Enforcer）”，也被誉为“全职fighter”，此人进攻和防守能力平平，拥有5分钟左右出场时间，在全队薪水最低。尽管如此，每队都拥有一名“行刑人”，这个角色要担起“打人”的重任，在本方核心队员遭受侵犯时，又要担起贴身保镖的职责专门负责打架。

当看到队友被挑衅或对手动作过大时，“行刑人”就要站出来打架，而有时候出于战术需要，他们也会故意激怒对方重要队员，说白了就是兑子。“行刑人”也代表球队战斗精神，例如企鹅队前锋Talbot主动约架并打赢了对方行刑者Carcillo，帮助企鹅队士气大涨，成为2009年北美冰球联赛冠军。

首先，冰球所谓的“允许”打架，只是在职业联盟才是如此（比如北美的NHL、AHL、OHL或欧洲的KHL和VHL等等），而在世界锦标赛的赛事里打架是被严格禁止。举个例子，在北美职业联盟中打架单挑要遭受5分钟离场处罚，而在国际冰联规则中如果是单挑打架将被直接罚出场，加自动停赛一场。

在WHL这个包含美国和加拿大两国球队的青少年冰球联盟，联赛设有三个级别，尽管第别允许选手每位选手能打6场，第二级别是每人每赛季合法打1场，但14-15岁初中生如果打架就会立即被罚出场还要遭受停赛重罚。

除了并非所有比赛都是你撒野地方，冰球关于打架也有一条重要规则必须看好了，那就是打架必须单挑，其他球员只能当观众津津有味看着，别说使阴招偷袭，劝架都不可以，如果站在球场上的队员当第三者去插足，在NHL将会总共受罚12分钟，倘若你在常规最后5分钟插足，“第三者”将被停赛一场。此外，如你是替补席上的第三者插足，在NHL将直接被罚出场，还要被停赛15场。NHL尚且如此，国际冰联对于群殴就更是零容忍，1987年加拿大和前苏联发生群殴，跳入球场引发群殴的苏联球员达维多夫被全球禁赛18个月，其他球员被禁赛6个月。